Form: This is a small to medium-sized tree reaching a maximum ht. of approximately 90 ft. and a maximum dbh of 15 inches.

Leaves:
             

Arrangement: alternate

Shape: tri-morphic ( 3 shapes )

Margin: entire

Texture: glabrous

Venation: N/A

Bark: The bark is generally reddish brown in color and darker brown on the inside. It is deeply furrowed and aromatic when cut.

Twigs and buds: Green twigs are prevalent and quite aromatic when broken. Large buds (1/4 in. in length) are also green.

Flowers and fruit: Flowers are dioecious, yellow and fragrant. The fruit is a dark blue drupe

Distinguishing characteristics: It has three different shaped leaves (tri-morphic).

Range: It can be found from Maine south to Oklahoma and east to central Florida

Silvics: Intolerant characteristics make this a pioneer species. It can grow on dry sites, but reproduces best on moist, well-drained soils.

Ecological and cultural importance: The wood has little commercial value, but has been used for fence posts. The leaves and twigs are often browsed by deer.