Form: This tree is medium sized reaching 70 to 80 ft. in height and 1 1/2 to 2 ft. in dbh.

Needles:
             

Arrangement: 2 per fascicle

Length: 1-3" long

Shape: often twisted; stout; bright yellow-green

Other: n/a

 

Bark: The bark is thin, usually grayish-brown with many small, close scales. 

Cones: The cones are serotinous and are often asymmetrical and lumpy at base. The apophysis is armed with a short spine.

Distinguishing characteristics: This species needles occur in fascicles of two, the cones are serotinous and lumpy at the base. It is also found between 6,000 and 10,000 ft. in elevation.

Range: This species is found between 6,000 and 11,000 ft. Mainly occurring in the Rocky Mountains with scattered pockets in the Sierra Nevada Mountains.

Silvics: This species is intolerant and is adapted to a variety of soil types.

Ecological and cultural importance: This species was first used by Native Americans as wigwam poles where consequently its name was derived. However, this species is not browsed by wildlife but does provide habitat.